Modern music resembling classical?
 

The piano and the violin are my favorite instruments to listen to. Not surprisingly, my favorite works of classical music tend to be sonatas written for piano and violin, especially those that make heavy use of minor keys. Debussy's Violin Sonata, Mahler's Piano Quartet, and Elgar's Op. 82 are some of my favorites.

Who are some more recent musicians (20th century or later, lol) who incorporate this artistic quality and style of composition and instrumentation with lyrics that are comparable to modern songs?

The entire genre (or subgenre, or whatever you consider it to be) of baroque pop is pretty much predicated on the idea of mixing classically traditional instrumentation and sounds with modern pop lyricism, although I think there might be a tendency to slap the "baroque pop" label on any contemporary tunes that have a string arrangement.

Indeed. I love Baroque Pop.